The Brain Stimulation Journal:
Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation Feed. This feed contains the latest published articles, both articles that have been published in an issue as well as articles that have been published as Articles in Press.
- Cardiovascular differences between sham and active iTBS related to treatment response in MDDHeart rate in MDD is often dysregulated, expressed in overall higher heart rates (HR) and lower heart rate variability (HRV). Interestingly, HR decelerations have been reported after stimulation of the DLPFC using rTMS, suggesting connectivity between the DLPFC and the heart. Recently, a new form of rTMS called theta burst stimulation (TBS) has been developed. One form of TBS, intermittent TBS (iTBS), delivers 600 pulses in just 3 min. ... read more6 days ago
- Cost of focality in TDCS: Interindividual variability in electric fieldsIn transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS), electric current is applied via two large electrodes to modulate brain activity. Computational models have shown that large electrodes produce diffuse electric fields (EFs) in the brain, which depends on individual head and brain anatomy. Recently, smaller electrodes as well as novel electrode arrangements, including high-definition TDCS (HD-TDCS) montages, have been introduced to improve the focality of EFs. Here, we investigated whether the EFs of focal montages are more susceptible to interindividual anatomical differences. ... read more2 weeks ago
- Probing the Circuitry of Panic with Deep Brain Stimulation: Connectomic Analysis and Review of the LiteraturePanic attacks affect a sizeable proportion of the population. The neurocircuitry of panic remains incompletely understood. ... read more3 weeks ago
- rTMS treatment of visual hallucinations using a connectivity-based targeting method – A case studyVisual hallucinations (VH) are conscious visual perceptions that occur in the absence of an external stimulus. VHs are neuro-ophthalmological dysfunctions that are very disabling and are based on various pathologies, including eye diseases and neurodegenerative disorders [1,2]. VHs are difficult to treat, because pharmacological interventions are only partially effective and related to many adverse effects. One of the alternative non-pharmacological treatments for VHs is repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). ... read more1 month ago
- Color perception matches selectivity in human early visual cortexWhere and how the color perception formed in the human brain remains one of the most intriguing topics in vision science. Color selective neurons could be found along the visual hierarchy [1,2], but which level contributes directly to color perception and behaviorally correlated processing is still under debate. Lesion [3] and functional magnetic resonance images [4,5] studies in human subjects suggested a group of color-selective areas in the ventral occipitotemporal cortex (VOTC), which labeled V4/V4α or V8, might be critical for color percepts. ... read more1 month ago
- Rapid onset and short washout periods of dorsal root ganglion stimulation facilitate multiphase crossover study designsCrossover designs are useful in clinical trials where the disease population is limited, or the intervention is uncommon. Participants in a crossover design are exposed to each intervention (e.g. placebo and target drug), and outcomes are compared at the end of each period. This design facilitates the use of smaller sample sizes, as each participant acts as their own control and limits between-subject variability in statistical comparisons while increasing statistical power. A critical element in crossover designs is the implementation of an adequate washout period to prevent carryover effects between each intervention. ... read more1 month ago
- Table of Contents... read more1 month ago
- God locked you in the room, but left a window open: A case report of spinal cord stimulation in locked-in syndromeLocked-in syndrome (LIS), caused by severe damage to the pons, is a serious neurological condition of movement deficiency, characterized by quadriplegia and aphonia. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS), the most common neuromodulation therapy, has recently been shown to restore walking in patients with spinal cord injury [1]. The possibility of SCS treatment in LIS is still unclear. We reported the first application of cervical SCS in a classic LIS patient with encouraging outcomes. ... read more2 months ago
- Tolerability and feasibility of accelerated repetitive transcranial stimulation for reduction of nicotine cravingTobacco smoking remains the leading cause of preventable death in the world, leading to approximately 6 million deaths a year. A recent review estimated offering smokers a combination of individual counseling and pharmacotherapy resulted in only an 11–16% cessation rate at 6 months [1]. Craving is associated with smoking relapse [2], and has been a frequent target of treatment interventions including nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion, and varenicline [3]. Several recent investigations reported that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) reduced craving [4], and cigarette consumption [5,6]. ... read more4 months ago
- After-effects of 10 Hz tACS over the prefrontal cortex on phonological word decisionsPrevious work in the language domain has shown that 10 Hz rTMS of the left or right posterior inferior frontal gyrus (pIFG) in the prefrontal cortex impaired phonological decision-making, arguing for a causal contribution of the bilateral pIFG to phonological processing. However, the neurophysiological correlates of these effects are unclear. The present study addressed the question whether neural activity in the prefrontal cortex could be modulated by 10 Hz tACS and how this would affect phonological decisions. ... read more4 months ago
- Prestimulus cortical EEG oscillations can predict the excitability of the primary motor cortexThe motor evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) vary considerably at rest, but the mechanism underlying this amplitude variation is largely unknown. We hypothesized that prestimulus EEG oscillations modulate the subsequent MEPs in a state-dependent manner. ... read more4 months ago
- Electrical stimulation of the ventral hippocampal commissure delays experimental epilepsy and is associated with altered microRNA expressionUp to 80% of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy patients with hippocampal sclerosis (mTLE-HS) are resistant to pharmacological treatment, often necessitating surgical resection. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has emerged as an alternative treatment for patients who do not qualify for resective brain surgery. Brain stimulation may also exert disease-modifying effects, and noncoding microRNAs have recently been proposed to shape the gene expression landscape in epilepsy. ... read more4 months ago
- Erratum to ‘Electroconvulsive stimulation increases astrocyte marker GFAP in mouse hippocampus regardless of chronic social defeat stress’ [12 (2) (March–April 2019) 543]The title of this abstract was incorrectly published as ‘Electroconvulsive stimulation increases astrocytes in mice subjected to chronic social defeat stress’. ... read more4 months ago